การปรับปรุงพันธุ์ข้าวทนแล้งสำหรับข้าวนาน้ำฝนภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ

Abstract

Drought is a major constraint for rainfed lowland rice production. In northeast Thailand most of rice growing areas accounted for 70% are cultivated under rainfed lowland condition. Grain yield is low and varied across years and locations. Development of drought tolerance will improve productivity and stabilize grain yield for this region. Afford in improving of rice for drought tolerance in Thailand has been conducting for more than 10 years with supported by Rockefeller Foundation. Facilities and protocol for drought screening, and rice drought tolerance populations have been developed. However, some areas need further studies. Under this project which began in 2009, populations had been developed from previous project were evaluated. The objectives of this project are to develop an effective protocol for drought screening, evaluate and select for drought tolerance and develop of GIS map for drought prone areas in northeast. This paper is a progress report for a part of the project with objectives to investigate the important of evaluation under aerobic condition and association between performance of rice lines under field drought screening and farmer field. The results showed that there was reduction in grain yield under aerobic in comparison with anaerobic conditions. The results suggested that aerobic condition might be important in evaluation for yield potential under rainfed lowland. The reduction was found on panicle grain weight rather than filled grain percentage and panicle numbers. For association between field drought screening and farmer field, it was found that field drought screening and farmer field were group in different environment groups. However, the association between the performances of rice lines under this 2 environment needs further analysis.