ความก้าวหน้าในการปรับปรุงพันธุ์ข้าวโพดหวานและข้าวโพดฝักอ่อนของ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์ในรอบ 3 ปี (พ.ศ. 2550-2552)

Abstract

Objectives of the Sweet Corn and Baby Corn Improvement Project of Kasetsart University was to improve populations and develop inbreds and single-cross hybrids of sweet corn and the non-detasseld baby corn for high yield and good eating quality for the fresh market and processing. Three sweet corn populations KSC 3 (AC0) and TSC 1 DMR (BC0) and KSC 2 (CC0) were improved by using S2 testcrossed with inbred testers KSei 14004 and SSWI 114, respectively, except for CC3 using S3 testcross). During 3 years (2007-2009), KSC 3(HI)C3 (AC3), TSC 1 DMR (HI)C2 (BC2) and KSC 2(HI)C3 (CC3) were successfully improved including their inbred and hybrid development. Population crosses were formed by factorial cross followed North Carolina Design II. Progress from selection was evaluated using the populations, population crosses and hybrids at the National Corn and Sorghum Research Center, Pakchong, Nakhon Ratchasima in the 2008 dry season (population B) and 2009 early rainy season (populations A and C). Compared with their C0 and C0xC0, results showed that the S2 and S3 testcrosses methods could improve fresh yields, eating qualities, agronomic traits and general combining ability especially for the AC3 and CC3 and the population crosses AC3 x BC2, AC3 x CC3 and BC2 x CC3 including specific combining ability. The best five hybrids from each population were also selected for these traits, compared with the four commercial hybrid checks,. Moreover, the two single-cross hybrids of sweet corn KSSC 604 and the non-detasseled baby corn KBSC 605 were released to the public and private sectors in 2007.