ปัจจัยต่างๆ ที่มีผลต่อการถ่ายยีนเข้าสู่ปาล์มน้ำมัน

Abstract

Oil palm is a highly producing oil plant. The most cultivation area is in the southern part of Thailand. Expended area of oil palm in the others part needs suitable variety. Thus, the object of this study was to improvement of oil palm via gene transfer technique. Embryogenic callus inducing from young leaves of high yield oil palm were cultured on various kinds and concentrations of antibiotics for screening of suitable concentration using for gene transformation. The result showed that hygromycin, kanamycin and phosphinotricin at 20, 200 and 5 mg/l, respectively, were suitable for transformed selection. Cefotaxime concentration at 200 mg/l was suitable for killing of agrobacterium. The study of inoculation time, co-culture time and co-culture conditions had done for examination of transient expression of gus gene after transformation for 3 days. It was found that embryogenic callus inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA 105 pCAMBIA 1301 for 6 h and co-cultured on solid medium for 48 h promoted efficiency of gene transfer, 50% with 8 blue spots/explant. Thus, this condition is the most suitable to use for gene transfer in oil palm. Nevertheless, embryogenic callus that could grow on mediumsupplemented with hygromycin for 4 weeks, after checking of the gus and hpt gene using PCR technique showed no band on the gel. Key words: oil palm, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, gene transfer, embryogenic callus, antibiotic