รอยเท้าคาร์บอนและการลดการปลดปล่อยคาร์บอนในระบบการปลูกข้าวที่สำคัญของประเทศไทย: การปลดปล่อยก๊าซมีเทนจากนาข้าว

Abstract

Measurement of methane emission from major rice production systems is a methodology for data collection of carbon footprint from rice production system. Five major rice production systems were defined for methane emission measurement in 2011 rainy season, including upland rice, rainfed rice, irrigated rice, good agricultural practices (GAP) rice production, and organic rice. Gas samples were taken at one week interval and analyzed by Gas Chromatograph, GC-8A as soon as possible after collection. The research found that upland rice could absorb CH4 at the rate of 90 tons per crop equivalent to 2,258 of CO2. Rainfed rice production system occupied most of rice area in Thailand emitted CH4 at the rate of 58,127 tons per crop equivalent to 1,453,180 tons of CO2 . Due to flooding in central plain Thailand in September to November 2011, gas sample from irrigated rice, good agricultural practices (GAP) rice production, and organic rice system could not be sampled. Research needs to be further conducted for complete data collection and confirmation. In addition, questionnaires technique should be usedto collect farmer practices such as land preparation, water management, fertilizer application, and chemical application for complete carbon footprint calculation.